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  • À̽½¸¾
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  • 2009-09-28
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Àúµµ 7¼¼ ¾Æµé·¥°ú Àбâ Á¶±Ý¾¿ ÁøÇàÇϸ鼭 ÁöħÀ¸·Î »ï´Â ±ÛÀ» ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù. Ã»ÇØ°¡ µÇ´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº È®½ÇÈ÷ ÀÌÇØ ºÎºÐÀº ºü¸£´ë¿ä. ±ÛÀÚ¸¦ »¡¸® ¸ø ¾Ë¾ÆºÁ¼­ ±×·¸Áö...

´ëÃæ Áß¿äÇÑ ºÎºÐ¸¸ ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â ½±°Ô ¹ø¿ªÇߴµ¥ Á÷Á¢ ÀÐ¾î º¸¼Åµµ µÇ±¸¿ä.

º¸½Ã¸é ¾îµð±îÁö¸¦ ÆÄ´Ð½º¶ó º¸¾Æ¾ß ÇÒÁö, ÇØ¾ß ÇÒÁö ¾È ÇØµµ µÉÁö °¨À» ÀâÀ¸½Ã¸®¶ó°í ºÁ¿ä.

¶Ç ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ À¯Ã¢¼ºÀ» Çâ»ó½Ã۱â À§ÇØ ¾çÀ» ¾î´À Á¤µµ·Î ÇØ¾ß ÇÒÁöµµ¿ä.

¾ÆÀ̰¡ ¾î´À ´Ü°è¿¡ ¿Í ÀÖ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇØ º¸½Ã°í ´ÙÀ½ ´Ü°è·Î ¿Ã¸®´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ý°¢ÇØ º¸½ÃÁö¿ä.

 * * *

 

Look for these signs of progress in your emerging reader.

Reading researchers often compare learning to read to riding a two-wheeler. Before she can travel on her own, your child must know how to hold the handlebars, balance, push the pedals, and build up speed. Likewise, to read a book, your child needs to sound out words, recognize common ones like "the," understand what the text means, and read fast enough to make sense of the story.

Àбâ¶õ µÎ¹ß ÀÚÀü°Å Ÿ±â¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù. Á÷Á¢ ¿îÀüÀ» Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ¾ÆÀÌ´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ÇÚµé Àâ´Â ¹ý, ±ÕÇü Àâ´Â ¹ý, Æä´Þ ¹â´Â ¹ý, ¼Óµµ ³»´Â ¹ýÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î Ã¥À» ÀÐÀ» ¶§µµ ´Ü¾î ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ¾Æ´Â °Í(ÆÄ´Ð½º), ÀÚÁÖ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ´Ü¾î(»çÀÌÆ® ¿öµå)¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æ º¸´Â °Í, ¾²¿© ÀÖ´Â ±ÛÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÏ´Â °Í, Àǹ̰¡ À̾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¼Óµµ·Î Àд °Í(À¯Ã¢¼º)ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù.

 

My son David desperately wanted to read, but midway through first grade he still wasn't catching on. Then one day we opened Dr. Seuss's Hop on Pop for the umpteenth time. He confidently read, "UP PUP Pup is up." ¾î´À ºÎºÐÀº ÀڽۨÀÖ°Ô Àоú´Ù. ¿Ü¿î °ÍÀÌ´Ù. I was sure he'd memorized it. But he kept going, sounding out "c-u-p" on the next page. ±×·¯³ª ´ÙÀ½ Àå¿¡¼­´Â ´Ù½Ã À½°¡¸¦ »ý°¢Çϸ鼭 ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³»¾ú´Ù. He read "in" effortlessly. "I know that one," he said. He didn't slam the book on "mouse" like he had before. Hurray! He was building momentum with only a few wobbles. Àû¾îµµ ¾ÆÀ̴ åÀ» Áý¾î ´øÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, Èûµé°Ô ÀÐÀº ºÎºÐÀÌ Á» ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸ Âø½ÇÈ÷ Àо°¡°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.

 

The National Research Council, the National Institute for Literacy, and the National Reading Panel, a group commissioned by Congress to determine consensus in reading research, identified these key skills to learn how to read: Àд ¹ýÀ̶õ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ±â¼úµéÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.

Phonics ÆÄ´Ð½º
Word recognition ´Ü¾î ÀÎÁö
Fluency À¯Ã¢¼º
Spelling and writing Ã¶ÀÚ¹ý°ú ¾²±â
Comprehension ÀÌÇØ

 

Phonics. Knowing the relationship between the sounds of spoken language and the letters of written language is essential for reading. Phonics gives your child tools she can use to recognize familiar words quickly and to figure out words she hasn't seen before.

ÆÄ´Ð½º. ±ÛÀÚ¿Í ¼Ò¸®¿ÍÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

µé¾î ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀ» Àоµµ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ´Ü°è.

¸»ÇϱⰡ ÇÊ¿ä ¾øÀÌ ³»¿ë ÀÌÇØ¸¸ Áß¿äÇß´ø ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ÇнÀ¹ý¿¡¼­´Â ¹«ÀǹÌÇÑ ´Ü°è¿´´Ù.

Reading milestones:

  • ¡Ú Understanding that the order of letters in a written word represents the order of sounds in a spoken word
  • ¡Ú Knowing the sounds letters make
  • ¡Ú Blending letter sounds together to make a word /b/ /i/ /g/ makes "big"
  • ¡Ú Recognizing word families: fat, cat, and sat all have the same last two letters, as do pig, big, and dig ¿öµå ÆÐ¹Ð¸®¸¦ ¾È´Ù. = °¢¿îÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÑ´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Recognizing letter patterns: "ee" stands for the sound in street and feel; "sh" makes the same sound in shirt and fish.  ÀÌÁßÀÚ¸ðÀ½À» ¾È´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Sounding out words she doesn't know, both real and nonsense: "sit" and "zot" ¸ð¸£´Â´Ü¾îµµ ¼Ò¸®³¾ ÁÙ ¾È´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Beginning to recognize the multiletter syllables in words: tiger consists of the two syllables ti - ger. ´ÙÀ½Àý¾î¸¦ ÀÎÁöÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Developing an understanding of often-used prefixes and suffixes, such as un- and -ing, -ed, -s and -est. ÀÚÁÖ ¾²ÀÌ´Â Á¢»çÀÇ ÀÌÇØµµ°¡ ¿Ã¶ó°£´Ù.
  •  

    Word recognition: Many common words in English, such as "the" and "one," don't fit the phonics rules, so your child needs to memorize them. As he gains more experience reading, he will also instantly recognize other common words. This makes it easier to focus on the meaning of the text.

    ´Ü¾î ÀÎÁö. »çÀÌÆ® ¿öµå¸¦ ¹Ù·Î ¾Ë¾ÆºÁ¾ß ±ÛÀÇ ³»¿ë¿¡ ÁýÁßÇÏ±â ÆíÇØÁø´Ù.

    Reading milestones:

  • ¡Ú Automatically reading high-frequency irregular words such as "are," "was," "were," "you," and "said" ÃÖºóÃâ¾î¸¦ Àб⠽ÃÀÛ.
  • ¡Ú Instantly reading familiar words such as "cat," "dog," "mother," and "daddy" without having to sound them out ÀÚÁÖ ³ª¿À´Â ´Ü¾îµéÀÌ »çÀÌÆ® ¿öµåÈ­ µÊ.
  •  

    Fluency: To read fluently, your child must not only be able to recognize words instantly, but also be able to divide the text into meaningful chunks. For example, "lock of hair" must be read as a group to make sense. She builds fluency with lots of practice and experience listening to teachers and parents reading aloud.

    º¸´Ù À¯Ã¢ÇÏ°Ô ÀÐÀ¸·Á¸é ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¹Ù·Î ÀÎÁöÇÏ´Â Á¤µµ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ ÀÇ¹Ì ÀÖ´Â µ¢¾î¸®·Î ³ª´­ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À¯Ã¢¼ºÀ» ´Ã¸®·Á¸é ¿¬½ÀÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°í ¼±»ý´Ô°ú ºÎ¸ð´ÔÀÌ ÀоîÁֽô °ÍÀ» µé¾îºÁ¾ßÇÑ´Ù.

    Reading milestones:

  • ¡Ú Reading aloud with expression ¾ï¾çÀ» »ì·Á ³¶µ¶ °¡´É.
  • ¡Ú Pausing at appropriate spots in the text ÀûÀýÇÑ °÷¿¡¼­ ²÷¾î ÀÐÀ» ÁÙ ¾È´Ù.
  •  

    Spelling and writing: Your child increases his knowledge of how print works when he spells and writes on his own. When he makes each letter, he learns to associate a sound with it. At first he may write "book" as bk — because he hears the /b/ and /k/ sounds. With instruction, he learns correct spelling. "Reading and writing reinforce each other," says Barbara Fox, reading professor at North Carolina State University.

    ¾²´Â ¹ý. ȰÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö½ÄÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Àбâ¿Í ¾²±â´Â ¼­·Î¸¦ °­È­ÇÏ´Â °ü°èÀÌ´Ù.

    Milestones:

  • ¡Ú Correctly spelling previously studied words °øºÎÇÑ ´Ü¾î´Â Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô ¾´´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Spelling a word the way it sounds if he doesn't know how to spell it ¸ð¸£´Â ´Ü¾î´Â ¼Ò¸®³ª´Â´ë·Î ¾´´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Knowing the mechanics of writing — sentences, capitalization, punctuation ¾²±âÀÇ ±âº»À» ¾È´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Writing different types of compositions, such as stories, reports, letters to Grandma ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ ±ÛÀ» ÀÛ¹®ÇÑ´Ù.
  •  

    Comprehension: To read, your child must understand the meaning of the words. It's not enough to figure out that P-o-p spells "Pop." She has to know that Pop is another word for Dad. She builds comprehension when she discusses what she thinks a book will be about and summarizes what happened in a story. Her understanding increases as her vocabulary expands.

    µ¶ÇØ. Àбâ À§Çؼ­´Â ´Ü¾îÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ ÀÌÇØÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¾îÈÖ·ÂÀÌ ´Ã¼ö·Ï ÀÌÇØ·Âµµ ´Â´Ù.

    Reading milestones:

  • ¡Ú Predicting what might happen next in a story ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁúÁö ¿¹Ãø.
  • ¡Ú Noticing that a word she's just read doesn't make sense in a sentence ÇÑ ¹®Àå ¾È¿¡¼­ ¹æ±Ý ÀÐÀº ´Ü¾îÀÇ Àǹ̰¡ ÀÌ»óÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Recalling facts and details from texts ÅØ½ºÆ®¿¡¼­ ´Ü¼ø »ç½ÇÀ̳ª ¼¼ºÎÀûÀÎ °ÍµéÀ» »ý°¢ÇØ ³½´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Describing what she has learned from a book she is reading ÀڱⰡ Àаí ÀÖ´Â °Í¿¡¼­ ¹è¿î °ÍÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
  • ¡Ú Using new words correctly when she speaks and writes ¸»Çϰųª ¾µ ¶§ »õ ´Ü¾î¸¦ Á¦´ë·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
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