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Chapter 1.
But some men were determined to fly
If you are determined to do something, you have made a firm decision to do it and will not let anything stop you.
In 1478, an Italian inventor named Leonardo da Vinci drew plans for a flying machine.
Leonardo da Vinci //
John Damian
A French inventer, Clement Ader
In the 1850's, scientist Sir George Cayley built the very thing.
a glider that was pulled down a slope.
When a gust of win caught under it, the glider rose to the air.
Sir George's glider //
Felix du Temple - added an engine : the engine too heavy
Chapter 2
Wilbur and Orville Wright were brothers who lived in America.
They built bikes, but what they really wanted to build were planes.
Their first machine was a glider like Sir George's.
Wright brother's first plan
Then they built planes with engines.
These had spinning blades called propellers.
"The blades will push the air back and that will pull the plane forward."
But taking off was not as easy as it sounds.
The Wright brothers had to build a track and pulley system to help.
Weights were fixed to a rope which was tied to the plane.
Mechanics started the engine, the weights dropped and the plane shot along the launching track. This helped build up speed to lift the plane into the air.//
In 1909, the word's first ever airshow was held in a field near Rheims, in France.
Air show
Henri Farman won the non-stop flying prize.
He flew 180 km in just over three house, without stopping to refuel. //
chapter 3
a lot of hot air
a hot air balloon //
-the Montgolfiers had built a balloon large enough to carry people.
They put a fire in the base to keep the air in the balloon hot.//
Airship
In 1852, the Frenchman Henri Giffard tried something new.
He built a balloon with a propeller, which was worked byh a steam engine.
It is called airship.//
Chapter 4
Helicopters
Flyers in France had combined a plane with a balloon.
The result had an engine like a plane, but rotor blades rather than wings.
So, it rose in the air like a balloon.
They had invented the helicopter.
In 1907, Paul Cornu made the world's first helicopter flight.
the first helicopter//
Chapter 5
flying for fun
The very first hang glider was invented by an American, Francis Rogallo, in the 1960s.
Rogallo wing
His "Rogallo wing " is actually strapped to a flyer, who runs a high hill to take off.//
hang glider //
Chapter 6
into space
The Russians launched Vostok 1. Its pilot, Yuri Gagarin, became the first man to fly into space. .
Vostock 1 //
The Americans decided to join in.
A race began to see who would be first to send a man to the Moon.//
Neil Armstrong became the first man to step onto the Moon's rocky surface.
Neil Armstrong on the moon
Apollo 11 //
Until 1980, all space flights were made with rockets.
But, As they could only be used once,
they weren't practical.
so American scientists invented the space shuttle.
The shuttle is luanched like a rocket, but then the booster engine and fuel tanks
drop off.
The shuttle's engines take over and it flies just like a plane.
space shuttle


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